Term
Globalisation
What is globalisation?
Answer
Definition
The increasing interconnectedness of societies and economies worldwide through communication, trade, and technology.
Globalisation refers to the increasing interconnectedness of societies and economies around the world, largely driven by advances in communication, trade, and technology. This process has significant impacts on global inequalities—differences between countries and within populations regarding wealth, health, education, and opportunities.
We will examine how this complex process affects 'life chances' in developing nations and explore the roles of major transnational organizations (TNOs) and historical sociological theories that underpin these global disparities.
Marxist Explanation: Global inequalities arise from capitalist economic systems that exploit labour and resources in poorer countries to enrich wealthier ones. This perpetuates dependency.
What is globalisation?
The increasing interconnectedness of societies and economies worldwide through communication, trade, and technology.
How does globalisation impact education in developing countries?
Improves access to information and funding but may create unequal access and market-driven skill prioritisation.
What economic benefits does globalisation bring to developing countries?
New job opportunities, foreign direct investment, and integration into global markets.
What are drawbacks of globalisation on income in developing countries?
Worker exploitation, low wages, job insecurity, and increased income inequality.
How can globalisation affect health outcomes in developing countries?
Improves access to medical knowledge and aid but may worsen health disparities and disease impact.
What role do transnational organisations (TNOs) play in global inequalities?
Provide aid, influence policies, and promote development but often face criticism for imposing Western models.
What are structural adjustment programs (SAPs)?
IMF and World Bank policies requiring liberalisation and austerity aimed at economic growth.
How does Marxist theory explain global inequalities?
Capitalism exploits poorer countries’ labour and resources, enriching richer nations and maintaining dependency.
What impact did colonialism have on global inequalities?
Extracted resources and imposed control, creating lasting economic and social inequalities.
What is post-colonialism?
The ongoing effects of colonialism on identity, power, and development structures after independence.
How does patriarchy intersect with global inequalities?
Women face compounded disadvantages in education, work, and representation, often exploited globally.